Removal of uterus \u2013 laparoscopic hysterectomy<\/ul><\/p>\nHow is it performed?<\/b>
\nOnce the patient is put under general anaesthesia, abdomen is inflated with gas for better visibility. Surgeon can get a view of interior of abdomen in a TV monitor. Depending the type of surgery, surgeon may need to make 1- 3 tiny incisions in abdomen for specialized surgical instruments. At the end of the procedure, gas is released, checked and cuts are stitched.<\/p>\n
What are the risks of laparoscopic surgery?<\/b>
\nVast majority of operations are straight forward and chance of complication is not different from open surgery. Like any other surgical procedure, there is a small risk of side effects:\n\n- Injury to intestine, blood vessels, ureter etc.\n
- Risk of anaesthesia, allergic reaction etc.\n
- Infection at stitch site requiring antibiotic<\/ul>
Actual risk of serious complication is very small (approximately 2 in 1000). As every case is different, your doctor can advise you regarding probability of risk in your case.\n
\nRarely, surgeon may need to convert a laparoscopic surgery into an open procedure to complete procedure safely in the good interest of the patient.<\/p>\nWhat happens after surgery?<\/b>
\nOnce the procedure is complete, you will be brought back to your senses, but you may feel slightly drowsy for next 1-2 hours. Abdomen may feel mildly bruised. Water and liquid diets are allowed after 3 hours and patients are encouraged to go to toilet. Majority of patients are fit to go home on the same day, others are discharged on the next day. One can resume activities after 1-2 weeks.<\/p>\n
What is a hysterectomy?<\/b>
\nHysterectomy is an operation which involves removal of uterus (womb) with orwithout cervix (neck of uterus). This operation can be combined with removal of ovary and fallopian tube (salpingo-oophorectomy).<\/p>\n
What are the reasons for hysterectomy?<\/b>
\nCommon reasons for hysterectomy are:\n
\n- Heavy periods unresponsive to medical treatment\n
- Fibroids\n
- Adenomyosis\n
- Endometriosis\n
- Prolapse of uterus \u2013 uterus coming out of body\n
- Along with removal of ovarian tumour (sometimes)\n
- Cancer of uterus, ovary\n
- Precancerous conditions of uterus\n<\/p>\n
How is hysterectomy performed?<\/b>
\nIt is done by three ways:\n\n- Abdominal hysterectomy :<\/u> Uterus is removed through an incision made on lower part of abdomen.\n
- Vaginal hysterectomy :<\/u> uterus is removed through a cut made within vagina and there is no externally visible scar.\n
- Laparoscopic Hysterectomy :<\/u> Operation is carried out by key hole surgery (microsurgery) making 3-4 small holes in abdomen with very quick recovery.<\/ul><\/p>\n
What are the different types of hysterectomy?<\/b>\n\n- Subtotal hysterectomy :<\/u> Body of the uterus is removed leaving the cervix in place. It is usually done to avoid injure to bladder\/ intestine if these structures are densely stuck with uterus.\n\n
- Total hysterectomy :<\/u> Both body and cervix of uterus are removed.\n\n
- Total hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy :<\/u> Uterus, ovary (is), and fallopian tube(s) are removed depending on patient\u2019s age and other coexisting pathology.\n\n
- Radical hysterectomy :<\/u> Uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, adjacent ligaments (parametrium), upper part of vagina and related lymph nodes. It is done as a treatment of cancer of uterus.<\/p>\n
What happens after surgery?<\/b>
\nOnce you are back to ward following surgery, you will be given oxygen at your nose for a couple of hours. Intravenous fluid, antibiotics, pain killer and other medicines are given by injection as per requirement Water can be taken orally after 4- 6 hours and liquid diet is allowed after 12 \u2013 24 hours. You will be encouraged to be on your feet early. You may have a catheter which will be removed after 1 -3 days. Minor problems like pain, constipation, acidity, coughetc. will be managed by medicines. Somebody may experience some vaginal bleeding which may continue up to 3 weeks. Depending on type surgery you will be discharged after 1 \u2013 7 days.<\/p>\n
Is there any risk associated with hysterectomy?<\/b>
\nThere are risks, as with any medical procedure, but vast majority of women will not have any complication and nobody will develop all complications. Every possible care is taken to eliminate and minimize risk. Antibiotics are used routinely to prevent infection. If there is more than average blood loss, one may need blood transfusion. Extremely rarely, blood clot may develop in leg veins (deep vein thrombosis), which is treated with elastic stockings and an injection.<\/p>\n
How much rest should be taken after Hysterectomy?<\/b>
\nIt depends on how quickly one recovers, physically and emotionally and on type of work she does. Most women require 4 \u2013 6 weeks leave from work. Recovery is quicker following laparoscopic hysterectomy.<\/p>\n
What is endometriosis?<\/b>
\nThis is a condition where tissues similar to inner lining of uterus are found outside uterus. It is found in 10% of women, most commonly in the age group of 25 \u2013 40 years. It is most commonly found on ligaments supporting uterus, ovaries, bladder and also in other parts of pelvis.Endometriotic tissue bleeds during periods causing altered blood to accumulate forming chocolate cyst and ovarian cyst (endometrioma). It makes pelvic organs stick with one another.\n
\nIt is widely believed that endometriosis is caused by reverse menstruation when tissues from inner lining of uterus flow through fallopian tubes to pelvis and gets deposited there. Some doctors feel that there may be a genetic cause for it.<\/p>\n
What are the symptoms of endometriosis? <\/b>
\nSymptoms of endometriosis are :\n\n- – Pain before or during periods\n
- – Chronic pelvic pain\n
- – Heavy menstrual bleeding\n
- – Painful intercourse\n
- – Infertility\n
- – Painful bowel movement<\/ul><\/p>\n
How is endometriosis diagnosed?<\/b>
\nDiagnosis of endometriosis may take long time as often it is confused with other conditions. history and clinical examination helps in coming to a diagnosis. An ultrasonography reveals an chocolate cyst or endometrioma but not helpful in diagnosing endometriotic spots, scars or adhesion which can only be detected by doing laparoscopy and biopsy. Laparoscopic view is superior to necked eye view in getting nature, extent and site of the disease. Many doctors use the classification provided by American Society of Reproductive Medicine to assess severity of disease. Untreated endometriosis usually worsens in symptom and extent.<\/p>\n
How is endometriosis treated?<\/b>
\nBy and large women with endometriosis require treatment if they have pain, heavy bleeding , infertility, ureteric obstruction or chocolate cyst. Treatment is either medical or surgical or combined.
\nMedical : <\/b>Combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP), progesterones and mirena coil placed in uterus usually relieves symptoms like pain and\/or heavy bleeding.Drugs like danazol and GnRh agonists lower estrogen level in body and give longer term relief from symptom. Medical treatment cannot be taken when somebody is trying for pregnancy.\n
\nSurgical :<\/b> Endometriosis can be removed or ablated by diathermy\/ laser by laparoscopic surgery.\n
\nAnatomy can be restored by separation of adhesion, removal of chocolate cyst with improvement of symptom and fertility in 70- 90 % of cases. Hysterectomy with removal of ovaries are usually needed as a last resort when fertility is not required. Recurrence following surgery is not uncommon.\n
\nEndometriosis and infertility<\/b>
\nEndometriosis has been found in 25% of women who had laparoscopy for infertility. It is probablyscarring , blocked tube, impaired ovulation and distorted anatomy which impairs fertility . Chance of pregnancy improves with surgery.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hysteroscopic Surgery… What is laparoscopic surgery? Laparoscopic surgery is a technique which allows operations within abdomen to be performed without need for a large skin incision. It is sometimes called a key hole surgery or minimally invasive surgery or microsurgery. What are the benefits of laparoscopic surgery? Advantages of laparoscopic surgery compared to traditional \u2018open\u2019 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-72","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":410,"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/72\/revisions\/410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kolkatawomensclinic.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\nAdvantages of laparoscopic surgery compared to traditional \u2018open\u2019 surgery are :\n